02 23 CORRECT COUPLING SELECTION TO PACKING A PUNCH delicate transmission highly flexible to rigid as . . .
Flender Mechanical Power Transmission Couplings available from jbj Techniques N-EUPEX , RUPEX and N-BIPEX ® ® ® Flexible Couplings Flexible Flender couplings have a wide range of possible applications. A broad standard modular system as well as specially designed application specific couplings are available. N-EUPEX cam couplings Rated torque: 19 Nm … 85,000 Nm RUPEX pin-and-bush couplings Rated torque: 200 Nm … 1,300,000 Nm N-BIPEX cam couplings Rated torque: 12 Nm … 1,300 Nm ELPEX , ELPEX-B and ELPEX-S ® ® ® Highly Flexible Couplings ® ELPEX couplings are free of circumferential back-lash. Their damping capacity and low torsional stiffness make them especially well-suited for coupling machines with torque characteristics or large shaft misalignment. widely variable ELPEX elastic ring couplings Rated torque: 1,600 Nm … 90,000 Nm ELPEX-B elastic tire couplings Rated torque: 24 Nm … 14,500 Nm ELPEX-S rubber disk couplings Rated torque: 330 Nm … 63,000 Nm ZAPEX gear couplings and ARPEX all-steel couplings ® ® Torsionally Rigid Couplings For transmission of high torques, we offer both ARPEX all-steel disc couplings and ZAPEX gear couplings in a range of versions. The applications vary according to specific requirements, with respect to shaft misalignment, temperature and torque. ZAPEX gear couplings Rated torque: 1,300 Nm … 7,200,000 Nm ARPEX high performance disc couplings Rated torque: 1,000 Nm … 80,000 Nm N-ARPEX and ARPEX all-steel disc couplings Rated torque: 92 Nm … 2,000,000 Nm BIPEX-S and SIPEX ® ® Backlash-Free Couplings The vibration-damping, electrically insulating plug-in BIPEX-S elastomer couplings and SIPEX metal bellows couplings deliver especially accurate component positioning. BIPEX-S and SIPEX Rated torque: 0.1 Nm … 5,000 Nm
Hello and thank you for downloading this document from jbj Techniques Limited which aims to serve two purposes: The first to provide a useful resource to assist in the correct selection of coupling type and then coupling size for your application. The second is to introduce the range of Flender couplings now available from jbj Techniques since the official UK sole partnership agreement was announced 10 February 2021 (see page 28). Page The reason for couplings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 - 2 Shaftmisalignment.............................................. 3 Balancing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 - 6 Shaft hub connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Key to symbols & selection of coupling series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Standards..................................................... 7 Formulasymbols ............................................... 8 Application factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 - 10 Quick reference selection grid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 - 12 Coupling type selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Coupling size selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 - 17 Fitting recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 - 21 AdverseconditionsandATEX ..................................... 22-23 New double cardanic N-Eupex DK series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 - 27 Flender announcement of UK partnership with jbj Techniques Limited . . . . . . 28 jbjTechniquesLimitedintroduction.................................. 29-32 Introduction Mechanical Power Transmission Couplings The details contained within this catalogue are reproduced in accordance with the latest information at publication of this catalogue. Errors & Omissions Excepted Last update: 20/02/2023
The mechanical drivetrain comprises individual units such as motor, gear unit and driven machine. The coupling connects these component assemblies. As well as the transmission of rotary motion and torque, other requirements may be made of the coupling. » Compensation for shaft misalignment with low restorative forces. » Control of characteristic angular vibration frequency and damping. » Interruption or limitation of torque. » Noise insulation and electrical insulation. Couplings are frequently chosen after the machines to be connected have already been selected. Thanks to a large number of different coupling assembly options, specified marginal conditions for clearance and connection geometry can be met from the standard range. The coupling also performs secondary functions, e.g. providing a brake disk or brake drum for operating or locking brakes, the ability tomeasure rota onal speed and op ons for the a achment of sprockets or pulleys. Couplings are divided into twomain groups, couplings and clutches. Clutches interrupt or limit the transmissible torque. The engaging and disengaging forces on externally operated clutches are introduced via a mechanically, electrically, hydraulically or pneumatically operating mechanism. Overload, centrifugal or freewheel clutches draw their engaging energy from the transmitted output. Rigid couplings, designed as clamp, flanged or mechanism couplings, connect machines whose shafts are perfectly aligned. Hydrodynamic couplings, also known as fluid or Fottinger couplings, are used on applications where there is a need to accelerate driven parts with high mass moment of inertia up to the required operating speed. In drive technology very often flexible, positive couplings, which may be designed to be torsionally rigid, torsionally flexible or highly flexible, are used. SHAFT COUPLINGS COUPLINGS CLUTCHES Externally Operated Clutches Torque Controlled Safety Couplings Speed Controlled Centrifugal Clutches Rotation Direction Controlled Freewheel Clutches Overrunning Clutches Rigid Clamp Couplings Flanged Couplings Mechanism Couplings Flexible Friction Hydrodynamic Couplings Magnetic Couplings Friction Couplings Positive Torsionally Rigid Gear Couplings All Steel Membrane Couplings Universal Joint Couplings Parallel Crank Couplings Torsionally Flexible Steel Spring Couplings Pin and Bush Couplings Pin Couplings Rubber Element Couplings Highly Flexible Rubber Tyre Couplings Rubber Disc Couplings Rubber Spacer Ring Couplings Technical Information Mechanical Power Transmission Couplings www.jbj.co.uk/couplings.html#flender 1 #DriveLineHarmony
Technical Information Mechanical Power Transmission Couplings Contact jbj Techniques Limited for friendly help and advice telephone: +44 (0)1737 767493 email: info@jbj.co.uk Torsionally rigid couplings are designed to be rigid in a peripheral direction and flexible in radial and axial directions. The angle of rotation and torque are conducted through the coupling without a phase shift. Torsionally flexible couplings have resilient elements usually manufactured from elastomer materials. Using an elastomer material with a suitable ShoreA hardness provides the most advantageous torsional stiffness and damping for the application. Shaft misalignment causes the resilient elements to deform. Highly flexible couplings have large-volume (elastomer) resilient elements of low stiffness. The angle of rotation and torque are conducted through the coupling with a considerable phase shift. This guide will help with the various considerations when choosing themost appropriate coupling for your application. jbj Techniques Limited is an organisation that manufactures and integrates all the diverse components of a drivetrain providing the experience to help you select the best component combination for your application. Simple coupling-bellhousing-pump combinations, to mechanical drives for subsea wave energy, steel works crucible handling equipment or marine winch drives, jbj’s team is recognised for its expertise in the selection and configuration of hydraulic and mechanical transmission systems. Able to draw on an extensive product range that provides the building blocks for bespoke systems both large and small, jbj Techniques Limited offers a complete service, ranging from assessment of customer requirements to full technical backup, including product specification, CAD based system design, system build and certification. Moreover customers can take advantage of jbj’s own machine-shop facilities and skilled engineers to guarantee quality and control costs. Based in Redhill, Surrey, U.K. assisting customers around the world. product specification » teamof design engineers to assist in design process, simple or complex, standard or bespoke. prompt product supply » large stocks for next day delivery onmany items. machine shop » full machining services for bespoke designs. jbj Techniques offers a high level of in-house expertise plus a huge selection of products to meet a very broad range of customer applications. From specification, through technical advice and manufacture to after-sales support jbj Techniques provides a comprehensive and valued service to the power transmission and hydraulics industries. The company fields a UK-wide team of technical sales engineers to ensure that the business is close to its customers, and it enjoys excellent associations with European & NorthAmerican manufacturers, acting as sole UK distributor in many cases. www.jbj.co.uk/couplings.html#flender 2 #DriveLineHarmony happy to help
www.jbj.co.uk/couplings.html#flender 3 #DriveLineHarmony Technical Information Mechanical Power Transmission Couplings Axial misalignment Radial misalignment Angular misalignment Ka Kr Kw Shaft Misalignment Shaft misalignment is the result of displacement during assembly and operation and where machines constructed with two radial bearings each are rigidly coupled causing high loads to be applied to the bearings. Elastic deformation of base frame, foundation and machine housing will lead to shaft misalignment which cannot be prevented, even by precise initial setup alignment. Furthermore, because individual components of the drive train heat up differently during operation, heat expansion of the machine housings causes shaft misalignment. Poorly aligned drives are often the cause of seal, rolling bearing or coupling failure. Alignment should be carried out by specialist personnel in accordance with operating instructions. Couplings can be categorized into one of the following groups: Single-Joint Couplings Couplings with flexible elements mainly made of elastomer materials. Shaft misalignment results in deformation of the elastomer elements. The elastomer elements can absorb shaft misalignment as deformations in an axial, radial and angular direction. The degree of permissible misalignment depends on the coupling size, the speed and the type of elastomer element. Single-joint couplings do not require an adapter and are therefore short versions. Example: In the case of a RUPEXRWN 198 coupling with an outer diameter of 198mmand a speed of 1500 rpm, the permitted radial misalignment is ΔKr = 0.3mm. Depending on the direction of the effective shaft misalignment a distinction is made between: Kr
Two-Joint Couplings Two-joint couplings are always designed with an adapter. The two joint levels are able to absorb axial and angular misalignment. Radial misalignment occurs via the gap between the two joint levels and the angular displacement of the joint levels. The permitted angular misalignment per joint level is frequently about 0.5°. The permitted shaft misalignment of the coupling can be adjusted via the length of the adapter. If there are more than two joint levels, it is not possible to define the position of the coupling parts relative to the axis of rotation. (The less frequently used parallel-crank couplings are an exception). Example: N-ARPEXARN-6 NEN 217-6 with a shaft distance of 140mmwith a permitted radial misalignment of ΔKr = 2.2mm (angle per joint level 1.0°). Technical Information Mechanical Power Transmission Couplings Balancing Balance quality levels The so-called quality level G to DIN ISO 21940 indicates a range of permitted residual imbalance from zero up to an upper limit. Applications can be grouped on the basis of similarity analysis. For many applications a coupling balance quality of G 16 is sufficient. On drives susceptible to vibration the balance quality should be G 6.3. Only in special cases is a better balance quality required. Balancing standard in accordance withDIN ISO21940-32 Besides the required balance quality, it is necessary to set standards which define how the mass of the parallel key is to be taken into consideration when balancing. In the past, motor rotors have frequently been balanced in accordance with the full parallel key standard. The "appropriate" balance condition of the coupling hub was described as "balancing with open keyway" or "balancing after keyseating". Today it is usual for the motor rotor, as well as the gear unit and driven machine shaft, to be balanced in accordance with the half parallel key standard. Full parallel key standard The parallel key is inserted in the shaft keyway, then balancing is carried out. The coupling hub must be balanced without parallel key after keyseating. Marking of shaft and hub with "F" (for "full"). Half parallel key standard The balancing standard normally applied today. Before balancing, a half parallel key is inserted in the shaft and another in the coupling hub. Alternatively, balancing can be carried out before cutting the keyway. The balanced parts must be marked with an "H". This marking can be dispensed with if it is absolutely clear which parallel key standard has been applied. www.jbj.co.uk/couplings.html#flender 4 #DriveLineHarmony Kr
Technical Information Mechanical Power Transmission Couplings G n No parallel key standard Balancing of shaft and coupling hub after key seating, but without parallel key. Not used in practice. Marking of shaft and hub with "N" (for "no"). The length of the parallel key is determined by the shaft keyway. Coupling hubs may be designed considerably shorter than the shaft. To prevent imbalance forces caused by projecting parallel key factors when balancing in accordance with the half parallel key standard, in the case of applications with high balancing quality requirements, grooved spacer rings can be fitted or stepped parallel keys used. Flender Balancing Standard The balancing quality level, together with the operating speed, results in the maximum permissible eccentricity of the centre of gravity of the coupling or the coupling subassembly. In the Flender number the balancing quality can be preset with the part help of the definitive ordering code. Additionally, the balance quality level to DIN ISO 21940, can be preset in combination with the application operating speed. e = 9550 • ― perm e ≤ e coupl perm Permitted eccentricity of center of gravity: e in μm perm Eccentricity of centre of gravity of coupling: e in μm coupl Balancing quality level: G inmm/s Coupling speed: n in rpm Eccentricity of centre of Flender Order gravity of coupling e balancing quality code coupl maximum100 μm standard balancing without specification maximum40 μm fine balancing W02 maximum16 μm micro-balancing W03 better than 16 μm special balancing on request www.jbj.co.uk/couplings.html#flender G 1 G 4 G 10 G 16 G 25 G 40 102 10 1 2 4 6 8 2 4 6 8 2 4 6 8 103 102 4 2 6 8 2 4 6 8 103 104 G 1.6 G 2.5 G 6.3 G_MD10_EN_00007a Eccentricity of center of gravity eperm. in µm Coupling speed in rpm On request Micro-balancing Fine balancing Standard balancing 5 #DriveLineHarmony
Example: Coupling speed = 1450 rpm required balancing quality level G6.3 e = 9550 • G= 9550 • 6.3 μm perm n 1450 Thus, the required eccentricity of centre of gravity is 41.5 μm. The fine balancing with a maximum eccentricity of centre of gravity of 40mm fulfills this requirement; therefore, the order codeW02 has to be specified when ordering. For many applications the following balancing quality recommendation applies: Coupling standard balancing ν = DA ⋅ n/19100 fine balancing Short version with LG ≤ 3 x DA ν ≤ 30m/s ν > 30m/s Long version with LG> 3 x DA ν ≤ 15m/s ν > 15m/s Peripheral speed: ν inmm/s. Coupling outer diameter: DA inmm. Coupling speed: n in rpm. Coupling length: LG inmm. The following standards on balancingmust be observed: » couplings are balanced in subassemblies. » hub parts without finished bore are unbalanced. » the number of balancing levels (one- or two-level balancing) is specified by Flender. » without special specification, balancing is done in accordance with the half-parallel-key standard. Balancing in accordance with the full-parallel-key standardmust be specified in the order number. » FLUDEX, when operating at speeds up to 1800 rpm, are always balanced to DIN ISO 1940 G6.3. For higher speeds micro-balancing can be requested (Ordering code + W03 must be quoted). Balancing is made in accordance with the half parallel key standard and the 2 level system with 75% oil filling. » ARPEX couplings are unbalanced as standard. This is due to the steel components being machined all over and adaptors being precisely located. This ensures standard balancing is always adhered to. Shaft-hub connections The shaft hub connections are determined by the design of the machine shaft. In the case of IEC standard motors, the shaft and key details are specified in accordance with DIN EN 50347. For diesel engines, the flywheel connections are generally specified to SAE J620d or DIN 6288 standards. The relevant coupling hub parallel bore and keyway dimensions are normally specified to DIN 6885. Splined bores to DIN 5480, DIN5482 and SAE standards are common. The correct form of the coupling hub can only be determined when shaft details and application details are confirmed. In the case of the shaft – hub connection with parallel key, the coupling hub must be secured, e.g. either with a set screw or shaft end bolt and washer. The parallel key must also be secured against axial movement. All Flender couplings with finish bore and keyway are supplied with a set screw, the exception being some of the Fludex series which are designed for use with end bolt and washer. Please turnover for standards Technical Information Mechanical Power Transmission Couplings www.jbj.co.uk/couplings.html#flender 6 #DriveLineHarmony
www.jbj.co.uk/couplings.html#flender 7 #DriveLineHarmony Standards Machines 2006/42/EG EC Machinery Directive. 2014/34/EU ATEX Directive – Manufacturer. 1999/92/EG ATEX Directive – Operator – and ATEX Guideline to Directive 1999/92/EC. DIN EN 80079-36 Non-electrical equipment for use in potentially explosive atmospheres. DIN EN 1127 Explosive atmospheres, explosion prevention and protection. DIN EN 50347 General-purpose three-phase induction motors having standard dimensions and outputs. Couplings DIN 740 Flexible shaft couplings Part 1 and Part 2. VDI Guideline 2240 Shaft couplings - Systematic subdivision according to their properties VDI Technical Group Engineering Design 1971. API 610 Centrifugal pumps for petroleum, chemical and gas industry services. API 671 Special Purpose couplings for petroleum, chemical and gas industry services ISO 10441 Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries – Flexible couplings for mechanical power transmission special-purpose applications. ISO 13709 Centrifugal pumps for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries. Balancing DIN ISO 21940 Requirements for the balancing quality of rigid rotors. DIN ISO 21940-32 Mechanical vibrations; standard governing the type of parallel key during balancing of shafts and composite parts. Shaft-hub connections DIN 6885 Driver connections without taper action – parallel keys – keyways. SAE J620d Flywheels for industrial engines. DIN 6288 Reciprocating internal combustion engines. Dimensions and requirements for flywheels and flexible couplings. ASME B17.1 Keys and keyseats. DIN EN 50347 General-purpose three-phase induction motors with standard dimensions and output data. BS 46-1:1958 Keys and keyways and taper pins specification. Standards Mechanical Power Transmission Couplings
www.jbj.co.uk/couplings.html#flender 8 #DriveLineHarmony Formula Symbols Mechanical Power Transmission Couplings Name Symbols Unit Explanation Torsional stiffness, dynamic CT Nm/rad For calculating torsional vibration. dyn Excitation frequency f Hz Excitation frequency of motor or driven machine. err 2 Moment of inertia J kgm Moment of inertia of coupling sides 1 and 2. Axial misalignment ΔK mm Axial misalignment of the coupling halves. a Radial misalignment ΔK mm Radial misalignment of the coupling halves. r Angular misalignment ΔK ° Angular misalignment of the coupling halves. w Factor expressing the real coupling load as a ratio of the Service factor FB nominal coupling load. Factor expressing the frequency dependence of the fatigue Frequency factor FF torque load. Factor taking into account the reduction in strength of flexible Temperature factor FT rubber materials at a higher temperature. Weight m kg Weight of the coupling. Rated speed n rpm Coupling speed. N Maximum coupling speed n rpm Maximum permissible coupling speed. Kmax Rated output on the coupling, usually the output of the driven Rated power P kW N machine. Rated torque T Nm Rated torque as nominal load on the coupling. N Fatigue torque T Nm Amplitude of the dynamic coupling load. W Maximum torque T Nm More frequently occurring maximum load, e.g. during starting. max Very infrequently occurring maximum load, e.g. during short Overload torque T Nm OL circuit or blocking conditions. Torque which can be transmitted as static torque by the Rated coupling torque T Nm KN coupling over the period of use. Torque which can be frequently transmitted (up to 25 times an Maximum coupling torque T Nm Kmax hour) as maximum torque by the coupling. Torque which can very infrequently be transmitted as maximum Coupling overload torque T Nm KOL torque by the coupling. Torque amplitude which can be transmitted by the coupling as Fatigue coupling torque T Nm KW dynamic torque at a frequency of 10 Hz over the period of use. Resonance factor V Factor specifying the torque increase at resonance. R Temperature T °C Ambient temperature of the coupling in operation a Damping coefficient Ψ psi Damping parameter
The specified application factors are recommendations; regulations, rules and practical experience take priority as assessment criteria. No application factor need be taken into account with FLUDEX couplings. Example applications Application factor FB Electricmotor without gear unit Centrifugal pumps . . . . . . 1.0 Piston pumps . . . . . . 1.5 Vacuumpumps . . . . . . 1.5 Fans with T less than 75 Nm . . . . . . 1.5 N Fans with T from75 to 750 Nm . . . . . 1.75 N Fans with T larger than 750 Nm . . . . . 1.75 N Blowers . . . . . . 1.5 Frequency converters /generators . . . . . 1.25 Reciprocating compressors . . . . . 1.75 Screw-type compressors . . . . . . 1.5 Internal-combustion engine without gear unit Generators . . . . . 1.75 Pumps . . . . . . 1.5 Fans . . . . . 1.75 Hydraulic pumps, excavators, constructionmachines . . . . . . 1.5 Compressors / screw-type compressors . . . . . . 1.5 Agricultural machinery . . . . . 1.75 Other Turbine gear units . . . . . . 1.5 Hydraulic motor - gear unit . . . . . 1.25 Electricmotor with gear unit Chemical industry Extruders . . . . . . 1.5 Pumps - centrifugal pumps . . . . . . 1.0 Pumps - piston pumps . . . . . 1.75 Pumps - plunger pumps . . . . . . 1.5 Reciprocating compressors . . . . . 1.75 Calenders . . . . . . 1.5 Kneaders . . . . . 1.75 Example applications Application factor FB Cooling drums . . . . . 1.25 Mixers . . . . . 1.25 Stirrers . . . . . 1.25 Toasters . . . . . 1.25 Drying drums . . . . . 1.25 Centrifuges . . . . . 1.25 Crushers . . . . . . 1.5 Power generation and conversion Compressed air, reciprocating compressors . . . . . . 1.75 Compressed air, screw-type compressors . . . . . . 1.25 Air - Blowers . . . . . . 1.5 Air - Cooling tower fans . . . . . . 1.5 Air - Turbine blowers . . . . . . 1.5 Generators, converters . . . . . 1.25 Welding generators . . . . . 1.25 Metal production, iron and steel works Plate tilters . . . . . . 1.5 Ingot pushers . . . . . 1.75 Slabbingmill . . . . . 1.75 Coilingmachines . . . . . . 1.5 Roller straighteningmachines . . . . . . 1.5 Roller tables . . . . . 1.75 Shears . . . . . 1.75 Rollers . . . . . 1.75 Metal workingmachines Plate bendingmachines . . . . . . 1.5 Plate straighteningmachines . . . . . . 1.5 Hammers . . . . . 1.75 Planingmachines . . . . . 1.75 Presses, forging presses . . . . . 1.75 Shears . . . . . . 1.5 Grindingmachines . . . . . 1.25 Punches . . . . . . 1.5 Machine tools: Main drives . . . . . . 1.5 Machine tools:Auxiliary drives . . . . . 1.25 Application Factors Mechanical Power Transmission Couplings www.jbj.co.uk/couplings.html#flender 9 #DriveLineHarmony
Example applications Application factor FB Food industry Fillingmachines . . . . . 1.25 Kneadingmachines . . . . . . 1.5 Mashers . . . . . . 1.5 Sugar cane production . . . . . . 1.5 Productionmachines Constructionmachines, hydraulic pumps . . . . . 1.25 Constructionmachines, traversing gears . . . . . . 1.5 Constructionmachines, suction pumps . . . . . . 1.5 Constructionmachines, concretemixers . . . . . . 1.5 Printingmachines . . . . . 1.25 Woodworking - barking drums . . . . . . 1.5 Woodworking - planingmachines . . . . . . 1.5 Woodworking - reciprocating saws . . . . . . 1.5 Grindingmachines . . . . . . 1.5 Textilemachines - winders . . . . . . 1.5 Textilemachines - printingmachines . . . . . . 1.5 Textilemachines - tanning vats . . . . . . 1.5 Textilemachines - shredders . . . . . . 1.5 Textilemachines - looms . . . . . . 1.5 Packagingmachines . . . . . . 1.5 Brick mouldingmachines . . . . . 1.75 Transport and logistics Passenger transport - elevators . . . . . . 1.5 Passenger transport - escalators . . . . . . 1.5 Conveyor systems - bucket elevators . . . . . . 1.5 Conveyor systems - hauling winches . . . . . . 1.5 Conveyor systems - belt conveyors . . . . . . 1.5 Conveyor systems - endless-chain- conveyors . . . . . . 1.5 Conveyor systems - circular conveyors . . . . . . 1.5 Conveyor systems - screw conveyors . . . . . . 1.5 Example applications Application factor FB Conveyor systems - inclined hoists . . . . . . 1.5 Crane traversing gear . . . . . . 1.5 Hoisting gear . . . . . . 1.5 Crane lifting gear . . . . . . 2.0 Crane traveling gear . . . . . . 1.5 Crane slewing gear . . . . . . 1.5 Crane fly jib hoists . . . . . . 1.5 Cable railways . . . . . . 1.5 Drag lifts . . . . . . 1.5 Winches . . . . . . 1.5 Cellulose and paper Paper-makingmachines, all . . . . . . 1.5 Pulper drives . . . . . . 1.5 Cement industry Crushers . . . . . 1.75 Rotary furnaces . . . . . . 1.5 Hammer mills . . . . . 1.75 Ball mills . . . . . 1.75 Pugmills . . . . . 1.75 Mixers . . . . . . 1.5 Pipemills . . . . . . 1.5 Beater mills . . . . . 1.75 Separators . . . . . . 1.5 Roller presses . . . . . 1.75 Application Factors Mechanical Power Transmission Couplings www.jbj.co.uk/couplings.html#flender 10 #DriveLineHarmony In the case of highly flexible couplings of the ELPEX, ELPEX-S and ELPEX-B series, deviating application factors are stated in the product descriptions. FLUDEX couplings are mostly mounted on the high-speed gear shaft.
www.jbj.co.uk/couplings.html#flender 11 #DriveLineHarmony Quick Reference Selection Grid Mechanical Power Transmission Couplings SELECTION CRITERION Torque Range Rated coupling torque T in Nm up to: KN Speed Range Peripheral speed v = DA • n /19100 max max Torque Load uniform non uniform variable widely variable Installation & Alignment Rigid installation, well aligned Rigid installation, roughly aligned Flexible installation Torsional Stiffness Torsionally rigid Torsionally flexible Highly flexible Torque Transmission Free of torsional backlash Low torsional backlash Overload capability Assembly with taper clamping bushes Maintenance Wear parts easily disassembled Maintenance-free Low-maintenance - interval 1 year Environment ATEX approval Operating temperature range Chemically aggressive Coupling Material Cast iron Steel Stainless steel Add-on Parts/types Adapter Brake disk Brake drum Axial backlash limiter Shiftgear Flange type Flange to SAE J620d Plug-in assembly ZAPEX 7,200,000 -20 to +80 °C X X X X X X X On request On request On request On request 60 m/sec ARPEX 80,000 -40 to +280 °C X X X X On request On request On request On request On request On request On request On request X 100 m/sec N-ARPEX -60 to +280 °C X X X X On request On request On request On request On request On request On request On request X 108 m/sec 2,000,000 N-EUPEX 85,000 -50 to +100 °C X X X X X X X X X X X On request X On request On request X 36 m/sec
www.jbj.co.uk/couplings.html#flender 12 #DriveLineHarmony Quick Reference Selection Grid Mechanical Power Transmission Couplings N-EUPEX DS 21,200 -30 to +80 °C X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X On request X On request X X 36 m/sec RUPEX 1,300,000 -50 to +100 °C X X X X X X On request On request On request On request On request On request On request X 60 m/sec N-BIPEX 4,650 -50 to +100 °C X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X On request X X 45 m/sec ELPEX-B 14,500 -50 to +70 °C X X X X X X X X On request On request On request On request On request On request X 35 m/sec ELPEX-S 63,000 -40 to +120 °C X X X X X X On request On request On request On request On request On request X On request 66 m/sec ELPEX 90,000 – -40 to +80 °C X X X X X X X On request On request On request On request On request On request On request X 60 m/sec SIPEX 5,000 -30 to +120 °C X X X X On request X 30 m/sec BIPEX-S 1300 -50 to +120 °C X X X X X On request X 25 m/sec N-EUPEX DK 2300 -50 to +100 °C X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X On request 36 m/sec X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X
Selection of the Coupling Series / Type The coupling series is frequently determined by the drivenmachine and the design of the drivetrain. Common selection criteria are listed below and assigned to coupling properties, which are used to select the coupling series. Additionally, the price of the coupling and availability are important criteria for determining the coupling series to be used. The FLUDEX series operates positively and transmits the torque with the aid of a flowing oil or water filling. FLUDEX couplings are used to reduce starting and/or overload torques. During starting, the motor may, for example, run up within a very short time; because of the FLUDEX coupling, the drive train with the driven machine may accelerate after a delay and without increased torque load. The FLUDEX coupling cannot compensate for shaft misalignment and is therefore designed in combination with a displacement coupling, a cardan shaft or a belt drive. The displacement coupling may be selected in accordance with the criteria described below. Torque Range Rated Coupling Torque TKN Speed Range Peripheral Speed v = DA • n /19100 max max Torsionally Rigid Torsionally Flexible Highly Flexible Operating Temperature Range Coupling Type ZAPEX 850 ... 7,200,000 Nm 60 m/s ■ – – -20 ... +80 °C N-ARPEX 350 ... 2,000,000 Nm 110 m/s ■ – – -50 ... +280 °C ARPEX 92 ... 80,000 Nm 100 m/s ■ – – -40 ... +280 °C N-EUPEX 19 ... 85,000 Nm 36 m/s – ■ – -50 ... +100 °C N-EUPEX DS 19 ... 21,200 Nm 36 m/s – ■ – -30 ... +80 °C RUPEX 200 ... 1,300,000 Nm 60 m/s – ■ – -50 ... +100 °C N-BIPEX 12 ... 4,650 Nm 45 m/s – ■ – -50 ... +100 °C ELPEX-B 24 ... 14,500 Nm 35 m/s – – ■ -50 ... +70 °C ELPEX-S 330 ... 63,000 Nm 66 m/s – – ■ -40 ... +120 °C ELPEX 1600 ... 90,000 Nm 60 m/s – – ■ -40 ... +80 °C Total mounting length Driven shaft useable length. Driver shaft useable length. Driver shaft diameter & keyway size. DRIVER DRIVEN Type of driver. Driver power. Driver rpm. Shaft separation or DBSE (distance between shaft ends) Driven shaft diameter & keyway size. Type of driven. Coupling Type Selection Mechanical Power Transmission Couplings www.jbj.co.uk/couplings.html#flender 13 #DriveLineHarmony
www.jbj.co.uk/couplings.html#flender Selection of the Coupling Size The torque load of the coupling must be determined from the output of the driven machine and the coupling speed. Rated coupling load T = 9550 x P / n N N N (T in Nm; P in kW; n in rpm) N N N The rated coupling load obtained in this way must be multiplied by factors and compared with the rated coupling torque. An ideal but expensive method is to measure the torque characteristic on the coupling. For this, Flender offers special adapters fitted with torquemeasuring devices. The rated coupling torque T is the continuous torque that can be transmitted when the load is applied statically and at KN room temperature. Application factors are to express the deviation of the real coupling load from the "ideal" load condition. Coupling Load inContinuousOperation The operating principles of the driving and driven machines are divided into categories and the application factor FB derived from these in accordance with DIN 3990-1. Application factor for N-EUPEX, N-EUPEX-DS, RUPEX, N-BIPEX, ELPEX-B, N-ARPEX, ARPEX, ZAPEX and FLUDEX Examples of torque characteristic of driving machines: Electric motors with soft starting, steam turbines. uniform: Electric motors without soft starting, hydraulic motors, gas and uniform with moderate shock loads: water turbines. Internal-combustion engines. non uniform: Examples of torque characteristic in driven machines: Generators, centrifugal pumps for light fluids. uniform: Centrifugal pumps for viscous fluids, elevators, machine tool uniform with moderate shock loads: drives, centrifuges, extruders, blowers, crane drives. Excavators, kneaders, conveyor systems, presses, mills. non uniform: Crushers, excavators, shredders, iron/smelting machinery. very rough: Application factor FB Torque characteristic of the Torque characteristic of the driving machine driven machine Uniform Uniform Variable Widely Variable uniform 1.0 1.25 1.5 1.75 uniform with moderate shock loads 1.25 1.5 1.75 2.0 non uniform 1.5 1.75 2.0 2.5 14 #DriveLineHarmony Coupling Size Selection Mechanical Power Transmission Couplings
www.jbj.co.uk/couplings.html#flender 15 #DriveLineHarmony Temperature Factor FT Temperature T on the Coupling a Elastomer Low Coupling under -30°C up up to up to up to up to up to up to up to Material Temperature °C -30°C to 50°C 60°C 70°C 80°C 90°C 100°C 110°C 120°C N-EUPEX NBR -30 – 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 – – – – 1) N-EUPEX NR -50 1.1 1.0 – – – – – – – N-EUPEX HNBR -10 – 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.25 1.25 – – N-EUPEX DS NBR -30 – 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 – – – – RUPEX NBR -30 – 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 – – – – RUPEX NR -50 1.1 1.0 – – – – – – – RUPEX HNBR -10 – 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.25 1.25 – – N-BIPEX TPU -50 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 – – ELPEX NR -40 1.1 1.0 1.25 1.40 1.60 – – – – ELPEX-B NR -50 1.1 1.0 – – – – – – – ELPEX-B CR -15 – 1.0 1.0 1.0 – – – – – ELPEX-S SN, NN, WN NR -40 1.1 1.0 1.25 1.40 1.60 – – – – ELPEX-S NX VMQ -40 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.25 1.4 1.6 1) The N-EUPEX coupling is not suitable for shock loads when used at low temperatures. Coupling Size Selection Mechanical Power Transmission Couplings NR = natural rubber, natural-synthetic rubber mixture. NBR = nitril-butadiene-rubber (Perbunan). HNBR = hydrated acrylonitrile butadiene rubber. CR = chloroprene rubber (FRAS fire-resistant and anti-static). VMQ = silicone. TPU = polyurethane. Coupling size T ≥ T • FB • FT KN N In the case of ARPEX and ZAPEX coupling types, no temperature factor (FT = 1.0) need be taken into account. Coupling Load at Maximum and Overload Conditions The maximum torque is the highest load acting on the coupling in normal operation. Maximum torques at a frequency of up to 25 times an hour are permitted and must be lower than the maximum coupling torque. Examples of maximum torque conditions are: Starting operations, stopping operations or usual operating conditions with maximum load. T ≥ T • FT Kmax Max Overload torques are maximum loads which occur only in combination with special, infrequent operating conditions. Examples of overload torque conditions are: Motor short circuit, emergency stop or stalling because of component breakage. Overload torques at a frequency of once a month are permitted and must be lower than the maximum overload torque of the coupling. The overload condition may last only a short while, i.e. fractions of a second. T ≥ T • FT KOL OL
Coupling Load Due to Dynamic Torque Load Applying the frequency factor FF, the dynamic torque load must be lower than the coupling fatigue torque. Dynamic torque load T ≥ T ⋅ FF KW W Frequency of the dynamic torque load f ≤ 10 Hz frequency factor FF = 1.0 err Frequency of the dynamic torque load f > 10 Hz frequency factor FF = √(f /10 Hz) err err For the ZAPEX and ARPEX series, the frequency factor is always FF = 1.0. Selection of the Coupling Size Checking the maximum speed For all load situations n ≥ n Kmax max Checking Permitted Shaft Misalignment For all load situations, the actual shaft misalignment must be less than the permitted shaft misalignment. Checking Bore Diameter, Mounting Geometry and Coupling Design The check must be made on the basis of the dimension tables. The maximum bore diameter applies to parallel keyways to DIN 6885. For other keyway geometries, the maximum bore diameter can be reduced. On request, couplings with adapted geometry can be provided. CouplingBehaviour Under Overload Conditions The ZAPEX, N-ARPEX, ARPEX, N-EUPEX, RUPEX and N-BIPEX coupling series can withstand overloads until the breakage of metal parts. These coupling series are designated as fail-safe. The N-EUPEX DS, ELPEX-B, ELPEX-S and ELPEX coupling series throw overload. The elastomer element of these couplings is irreparably damaged without damage to metal parts when subjected to excessive overload. These coupling series are designated as non-fail-safe. These types that fail can be fitted with a so-called fail-safe device. This additional component enables emergency operation, even after the rubber element of the coupling has been irreparably damaged. Checking Shaft-HubConnection The torques specified in the tables of power ratings data of the coupling series do not necessarily apply to the shaft hub connection. Depending on the shaft-hub connection, proof of form stability is required. It is recommended that the following standards are used to ensure proof of form strength is obtained. Shaft-hub connection Suggestion for calculationmethod Keyway connection to DIN 6885-1 DIN 6892 Shrink fit DIN 7190 Spline to DIN 5480 Bolted flange connection VDI 2230 Flange connection with close-fitting bolts www.jbj.co.uk/couplings.html#flender 16 #DriveLineHarmony Coupling Size Selection Mechanical Power Transmission Couplings
Fitting recommendations for the shaft-hub connection are detailed within the following pages. The coupling hub is normally fitted flush with the shaft end face. If the shaft protrudes care must be taken to ensure that other coupling parts do not clash. If the shaft is set back, the correct positioning of the hub must be checked to confirm sufficient shaft-hub engagement exists and that there is sufficient load bearing capacity. If the bearing hub length is insufficient, restorative forces may cause wear and possible axial displacement. Also, care must be taken to ensure sufficient parallel shaft or key length exists. Checking LowTemperature andChemically Aggressive Environment The minimum permitted coupling temperature is specified in the Temperature factor FT table (page 15). In the case of chemically aggressive environments, please consult jbj Techniques technical office, telephone 01737 767493 or email: info@jbj.co.uk. Features of the Flender Product Range. Couplings Features of Standard Type All coupling series exceptARPEX clamping hubs Bore tolerance H7 and FLUDEXwith keyway toASMEB17.1 N-ARPEX andARPEX clamping hubs Bore tolerance H6 Hollow shafts: bore tolerance K7 FLUDEX couplings with keyway toASMEB17.1 other parts: Bore toleranceM7 All coupling series with bore imperial bore diameter Parallel keyway toASMEB17.1 Metric bore diameter for ZAPEX, N-ARPEX and ARPEX coupling series as well as coupling hubs with Parallel keyway to DIN 6885-1 keyway width P9 applied brake disks or brake drums of the N-EUPEX and RUPEX series. Metric bore diameter for N-EUPEX, RUPEX, N-BIPEX, ELPEX-S, ELPEX-B Parallel keyway to DIN 6885-1 keyway width JS9 ELPEX, FLUDEX coupling series. All coupling series except FLUDEX Axial locking by means of set screw FLUDEX coupling series Axial lock by means of set screw or end washer All coupling series Balancing in accordance with half parallel key standard ZAPEX, N-ARPEX,ARPEX, N-EUPEX, RUPEX, N-BIPEX, Balancing quality G16 ELPEX-S, ELPEX-B and ELPEX coupling series FLUDEX coupling series Balancing quality G6.3 All series Unpainted All series Preservation with cleaning emulsion FLUDEX couplings Fuse 140 °C Coupling Size Selection Mechanical Power Transmission Couplings www.jbj.co.uk/couplings.html#flender 17 #DriveLineHarmony
Fitting Recommendations For most applications, the fit tolerances m6/H7 are normally acceptable, alternatively as the following tabulation. Description Application Shaft tolerance Bore tolerance Sliding fit with parallel key connection not suitable for j6 H7 For steel and cast hubs reversing operation. h6 J7 Press fit with parallel key connection not suitable for h6 K7 For steel and cast hubs reversing operation. k6 H7 m6 H7 For steel and cast hubs n6 H7 h6 M7 Interference fit with parallel key connection suitable for h6 P7 reversing operation. Only for steel hubs k6 M7 Preferred for ZAPEX m6 K7 and ARPEX n6 J7 coupling series. p6 H7 s6 F7 Only for steel hubs u6 H6 Shrink fit connection without parallel key. The permitted hub tension v6 H6 must be urgently checked. x6 H6 Tolerance Table to DIN ISO 286 for Above-Mentioned Fits for Bore Diameters from 10 to 250 mm Tolerances in μm Bore Diameter Bore Shaft Above Up to F7 H7 J7 K7 M7 P7 h6 j6 k6 m6 n6 p6 10 18 +34 +18 +10 +6 0 -11 0 +8 +12 +18 +23 +29 +16 0 -8 -12 -18 -29 -11 -3 +1 +7 +12 +18 18 30 +41 +21 +12 +6 0 -14 0 +9 +15 +21 +28 +35 +20 0 -9 -15 -21 -35 -13 -4 +2 +8 +15 +22 30 50 +50 +25 +14 +7 0 -17 0 +11 +18 +25 +33 +42 +25 0 -11 -18 -25 -42 -16 -5 +2 +9 +17 +26 50 80 +60 +30 +18 +9 0 -21 0 +12 +21 +30 +39 +51 +30 0 -12 -21 -30 -51 -19 -7 +2 +11 +20 +32 80 120 +71 +35 +22 +10 0 -24 0 +13 +25 +35 +45 +59 +36 0 -13 -25 -35 -59 -22 -9 +3 +13 +23 +37 120 180 +83 +40 +26 +12 0 -28 0 +14 +28 +40 +52 +68 +43 0 -14 -28 -40 -68 -25 -11 +3 +15 +27 +43 180 250 +96 +46 +30 +13 0 -33 0 +16 +33 +46 +60 +79 +50 0 -16 -33 -46 -79 -29 -13 +4 +17 +31 +50 www.jbj.co.uk/couplings.html#flender 18 #DriveLineHarmony Fitting Recommendations Mechanical Power Transmission Couplings
Parallel keyway t2 d6 d2 d3 d4 d5 60° 6,3 120° d1 t1 t3 t4 t5 Cylindrical Shaft Ends, Extract from DIN 748 Part 1 (long) Diameter in mm 24 25 28 30 32 35 38 40 42 45 48 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 ISO tolerance zone k6 m6 End length in mm 50 60 80 110 140 170 210 Central Holes According to DIN 332 Part 2 Form DS (with thread) DIN 332/2 Recommended DS form dimensions 1) 2) diameter ranges d d1 d d3 d4 d5 t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 6 2 above up to +2 min. +1 approx. approx. 7 10 M3 2.5 3.2 5.3 5.8 9 12 2.6 1.8 0.2 10 13 M4 3.3 4.3 6.7 7.4 10 14 3.2 2.1 0.3 13 16 M5 4.2 5.3 8.1 8.8 12.5 17 4 2.4 0.3 16 21 M6 5 6.4 9.6 10.5 16 21 5 2.8 0.4 21 24 M8 6.8 8.4 12.2 13.2 19 25 6 3.3 0.4 24 30 M10 8.5 10.5 14.9 16.3 22 30 7.5 3.8 0.6 30 38 M12 10.2 13 18.1 19.8 28 37 9.5 4.4 0.7 38 50 M16 14 17 23 25.3 36 45 12 5.2 1.0 50 85 M20 17.5 21 28.4 31.3 42 53 15 6.4 1.3 85 130 M24 21 25 34.2 38 50 63 18 8 1.6 3) 130 225 M30 26.5 31 40.2 44.6 60 77 22 8 1.9 3) 225 320 M36 32 37 49.7 55 74 93 22 11 2.3 3) 320 500 M42 37.5 43 60.3 66.6 84 105 26 15 2.7 1) Diameter refers to the finished workpiece. 2) Tap hole drill diameter according to DIN 336 Part 1. 3) Dimensions not according to DIN 332 Part 2. Fitting Recommendations Mechanical Power Transmission Couplings www.jbj.co.uk/couplings.html#flender 19 #DriveLineHarmony
ØD+T2 T1 H T2 ØD B Parallel Key Connections toDIN 6885-1 For moderate operating conditions, the hub keyway tolerance JS9 is recommended. In harsh operating conditions or during reversing operation, the keyway width tolerance P9 should be used. With two parallel keyways, the keyway width tolerance JS9 should be specified in order to simplify the assembly. The shaft keyway width has to be specified with the tolerance N9. Keyway Parallel key Shaft Hub Deviation for Deviation table for Diameter width height keyway keyway shaft & hub keyway width B depth depth keyway above up to D D B H T1 T2 depth JS9 P9 mm mm mm mm mm mm mm μm μm +12.5 -6 6 8 2 2 1.2 1 +0.1 -12.5 -31 +12.5 -6 8 10 3 3 1.8 1.4 +0.1 -12.5 -31 +15 -12 10 12 4 4 2.5 1.8 +0.1 -15 -42 +15 -12 12 17 5 5 3 2.3 +0.1 -15 -42 +15 -12 17 22 6 6 3.5 2.8 +0.1 -15 -42 +18 -15 22 30 8 7 4 3.3 +0.2 -18 -51 +18 -15 30 38 10 8 5 3.3 +0.2 -18 -51 +21.5 -18 38 44 12 8 5 3.3 +0.2 -21.5 -61 +21.5 -18 44 50 14 9 5.5 3.8 +0.2 -21.5 -61 +21.5 -18 50 58 16 10 6 4.3 +0.2 -21.5 -61 www.jbj.co.uk/couplings.html#flender 20 #DriveLineHarmony Fitting Recommendations Mechanical Power Transmission Couplings
Keyway Parallel key Shaft Hub Deviation for Deviation table for Diameter width height keyway keyway shaft & hub keyway width B above up to depth depth keyway D D B H T1 T2 depth JS9 P9 mm mm mm mm mm mm mm μm μm +21.5 -18 58 65 18 11 7 4.4 +0.2 -21.5 -61 +26 -22 65 75 20 12 7.5 4.9 +0.2 -26 -74 +26 -22 75 85 22 14 9 5.4 +0.2 -26 -74 +26 -22 85 95 25 14 9 5.4 +0.2 -26 -74 +26 -22 95 110 28 16 10 6.4 +0.2 -26 -74 +31 -26 110 130 32 18 11 7.4 +0.2 -31 -88 +31 -26 130 150 36 20 12 8.4 +0.3 -31 -88 +31 -26 150 170 40 22 13 9.4 +0.3 -31 -88 +31 -26 170 200 45 25 15 10.4 +0.3 -31 -88 +31 -26 200 230 50 28 17 11.4 +0.3 -31 -88 +37 -32 230 260 56 32 20 12.4 +0.3 -37 -106 +37 -32 260 290 63 32 20 12.4 +0.3 -37 -106 +37 -32 290 330 70 36 22 14.4 +0.3 -37 -106 +37 -32 330 380 80 40 25 15.4 +0.3 -37 -106 +43.5 -37 380 440 90 45 28 17.4 +0.3 -43.5 -124 +43.5 -37 440 500 100 50 31 19.4 +0.3 -43.5 -124 Fitting Recommendations Mechanical Power Transmission Couplings www.jbj.co.uk/couplings.html#flender 21 #DriveLineHarmony
www.jbj.co.uk/couplings.html#flender Corrosion Protection Depending on the environmental conditions, suitable corrosion protection must be specified for the coupling. Unless otherwise specified in the order, steel and cast iron surfaces are shipped with a simple preservative. Ambient Conditions Because of the environment, the coupling has to meet a large number of additional requirements. Couplings must be as suitable for use in a potentially explosive environment as for use at a high or low ambient temperature. The environment may be defined as chemically aggressive or be subject to laboratory conditions or requirements of foodmanufacture. The following applies to products shown within this brochure which are suitable for intended use in potentially explosive atmospheres. ATEX and ECMachinery Directive Wherever a potentially explosive environment cannot be ruled out, the machinery used must meet special conditions in order to prevent the outbreak of fire as far as possible. Within the European Union, Directive 94/9/EC applies to these applications. This directive, harmonizes the individual states' legal requirements for explosion prevention and clearly defines the procedure for checking and circulating machines and parts. Whether or not a machine is used in potentially explosive atmospheres, the manufacturer is required under EC Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC to assess and as far as possible prevent hazards which may arise fromhis product. The operator has an obligation to ascertain whether an environment is potentially explosive. Details of this are laid down in Directive 1999/92/EC. Themanufacturer is responsible for ensuring that the product is safe as defined in the ECMachinery Directive and conforms to Directive 94/9/EC if the EX requirement is specified by the operator. The drive train mostly comprises individual pieces of equipment which are put together to form a subassembly. If the individual pieces of equipment, such as motor, coupling, gear unit or driven machine conform to Directive 94/9/EC, the manufacturer of the overall unit can limit the risk assessment to the additional hazards which arise from the combination of different individual pieces of equipment. The hazards which can arise from the individual pieces of equipment are assessed by the relevant suppliers. The Directive 2014/34/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 February 2014 on the harmonisation of the laws of the Member States relating to equipment and protective systems intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres will supersede the Directive 94/9/EC of 23 March 1994 with effect from 20 April 2016. The following applies to the products shown in this brochure with a suitable for intended use in potentially explosive atmospheres: » Products placed on the market before 20 April 2016 meet the requirements of Directive 94/9/EC. » Products placed on the market from 20 April 2016 meet the requirements of Directive 2014/34/EC. The coupling series suitable for use in potentially explosive environments aremarked with EX in the catalogue. FLENDER couplings are to be rated as components according to the new EC Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC. Therefore, Flender do not issue a declaration of incorporation for these products. Overload Conditions Overload conditions are operating conditions that go beyond the limit loads of the coupling. Overload conditions may occur 22 #DriveLineHarmony Environmental Conditions & ATEX Mechanical Power Transmission Couplings
www.jbj.co.uk/couplings.html#flender under abnormal operating conditions, e.g. drive blockage, short circuit or supply deviations, as well as under normal operating conditions, e.g. during starting or breaking. Particularly in the case of high mass moments of inertia of the driven machine, torques that are amultiple of themotor starting torquemay become effective during direct starting or star-delta starting. Overload conditions may damage not only the coupling but also the entire drive train. Overload conditions can frequently be prevented with special design measures. SIRIUS soft starters or SINAMICS frequency converters are suitable for considerably reducing starting torques of asynchronous motors. If drive blockages and overloads of the drivenmachine cannot be ruled out, torque limiting SECUREX couplings can prevent damage to the drive train. CouplingBehaviour Under Overload Conditions Coupling behaviour under overload where the torque is considerably above the limits of use of the coupling concerned is determined by the engineering design of the coupling series. The ZAPEX, ARPEX, N-ARPEX, N-EUPEX, RUPEX and N-BIPEX coupling series can withstand overloads until the breakage of metal parts. These coupling series are designated as fail-safe. Coupling types which can withstand overload, i.e. fail-safe types, are used e.g. in crane systems. In case of coupling breakage due to overloads, the splintering metall parts may cause injury to persons and property damages. The N-EUPEX DS, ELPEX-B, ELPEX-S and ELPEX coupling series throw overload. The elastomer element of these couplings are irreparably damaged without damage to the metal parts when subjected to excessive overload. These coupling series are designated as non-fail-safe. The types that fail can be fitted with a failsafe device. This component enables emergency operation, even after the rubber element of the coupling has been irreparably damaged. The fluid couplings of the FLUDEX series withstand a load for a short time. Persistent overload causes the FLUDEX coupling to heat up beyond limits, causing the fuse to operate and so emptying the coupling and interrupting the torque transmission. Torsional and bending vibrations On drives which are prone to torsional and bending vibrations, measurements or calculations such as natural frequency calculations, torsional vibration simulations or bending vibration calculations are necessary. The drive train may, depending on complexity, be regarded as a two-mass vibration-generating system or N-mass vibrationgenerating system. The vibration-generating masses are defined by the rotating bodies and the couplings by the coupling stiffness and shaft stiffness. The effect of torsional vibration excitations on the behaviour of the system is calculated. Torsional vibration excitations may occur during the starting of an asynchronous motor, during a motor short circuit or in diesel engine drives. Bending vibrations may be critical if the coupling is insufficiently balanced and/or at an operating speed close to the critical speed. The details needed for calculating torsional vibration are specified in the coupling catalogue: » Dynamic torsional stiffness » Damping (specification of the damping coefficient ψ or Lehr's damping D = ψ/4π). » Mass moment of inertia of the coupling halves. 23 #DriveLineHarmony Environmental Conditions & ATEX Mechanical Power Transmission Couplings
www.jbj.co.ukRkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy NzQyNjQ=